One issue on Linux in particular is the [relatively] tight bond between your kernel version and libc, which makes using software compiled with different version of libc problematic part of the time (a particular libc version still supports multiple kernels though).

I experienced this lately when my Rust-compiled binary used too modern a libc version for the aging Docker container environment we used for deployment, which forced me to use another Docker container for local development -- which obviously isn't ideal and removes the 100% reproduceability promise.