Ah, my bad. I thought the post was a link to the other CGP Grey video about airports[1] because the video about airport codes does talk about airline codes (and GP implied it doesn't). I really shouldn't comment late at night...
This is a hilarious bit of exposition of how few people actually read/watch the links posted here. Anyways, both IATA and ICAO (as well as FAA) are explained in the video. Y'all should watch it!
It took months of original history just to get an answer to why Canadian airports start with a Y