Furthermore, the conventions for the first (parenthetical) use case, as far as I understand, are either em-dash without spaces (Anglosphere convention), or en-dash with adjoining spaces (Continental convention: German, French, etc.), but rarely em-dash with spaces (as in the article).
Isn't that what they predominantly use? I don't think I've ever seen an LLM use an em-dash without spaces. I've never seen an en-dash with spaces, but have seen them in ranges.
I checked a message from my last chat with Claude
> Noted for this conversation — though worth flagging