Considering it's practically the speed of light, one needs only to figure out the direction the particle was travelling in and point a telescope in the opposite direction. You will be able to see whatever it was that created it within 3 microseconds of the particle's creation.
On the other hand, if it was created in an ephemeral event you have an absolute maximum of 300 nanoseconds to point your telescope at it :) (taking your number on faith)
They state that the particle differs from light by 1 cm every 220,000 years. Considering the age of the universe is about 14 billion years, that works out to 63636 cm. It takes light 2210 nanoseconds to cover that distance.
"It’s difficult to determine their exact source as the magnetic fields of the galaxy and the solar system alter their trajectories so that they end up having a uniform distribution in the sky – as though they come from everywhere."
EDIT: calculation error